稀土有机无机复混肥在板栗上的应用效果分析

2005～2006年在广西隆安县的屏山、古潭、那桐3个乡镇设置标准地,对嫁接3～4年龄板栗林分别施用不同施肥量的含稀土有机无机复混肥(以下简称:稀土有机复混肥)及不含稀土有机复混肥(对照).结果表明:(1)施用稀土有机复混肥的年均板栗果实产量为1 442.2～4 918.3 kg/hm2,平均比对照提高42.77%;(2)施用稀土有机复混肥的板栗果实淀粉、总糖及蛋白质平均含量依次为33.99%,6.84%,3.80%,分别比对照提高2.17%,1.67%,2.42%;(3)板栗叶片叶绿素平均总含量为7.91 g/cm2,比对照6.47 g/cm2平均提高22.26%;(4)施用稀土有机复混肥的年均板栗收入为11 790.5元/hm2,比对照7 705.6元/hm2增加经济收入60.73%;(5)除抽枝生长和结果状况外,所试验项目均以1 125 kg/hm2稀土有机复混肥施肥量的各项指标为最佳.试验也表明:栗园土壤施用稀土有机复混肥能明显提高板栗对病害的抵抗力,增强板栗树势,其中以施用1 687.5 kg/hm2稀土有机复混肥施肥量的植株抗病害能力最强.     

林檎生物学特性及开发利用前景的研究

研究了林檎的生物学特性、叶的化学成分及在不同时期其化学成分含量的变化规律，综述了林檎的开发利甲前景．     

湿地松林分产脂量表的编制

以193株采割松脂的湿地松为材料，每株用105个单刀的产脂量．共2万余个数据为基础．经分析计算得出胸径和冠幅是影响湿地松产脂量的主导因子．并以胸径和冠幅、胸径为解释变量，分别求出湿地松林分产脂量的预测模型．编制出湿地松一元、二元产脂量表．经检验平均误差均小于±3．5％．     

Investigation of the effects of bark fiber as core material and its resin content on three-layer MDF performance by response surface methodology

The effects of using 100% black spruce (Picea mariana) bark fibers as core layer material accounting for up to 70% of the board and its resin content (between 6 and 10%) on the properties of three-layer medium-density fiberboard (MDF) were investigated using a full factorial experimental design with two independent variables and three levels. Five response variables, namely internal bond strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, thickness swelling and water absorption were statistically analyzed using a response surface methodology and two-way analysis of variance. The effects of the proportion of core layer (bark fibers) and its resin content on panel properties were significant. All properties studied were positively affected by increasing core layer resin content. The effects of the proportion of core layer (bark fibers) on mechanical properties and water absorption were negative, but positive on thickness swelling. Simultaneous optimization of panel properties indicated that at a density of 850 kg/m³, a three-layer MDF with a core layer resin content of 6.5%, a face resin content of 12 and 60% of core layer proportion (spruce bark fibers) would satisfy the minimum requirements of ANSI standard for 130-grade MDF. Overall, black spruce bark, a major residue source in the Eastern Canada, should be considered as a supplemental furnish for the core layer materials of a three-layer MDF.     

关于"物流工程"本科专业课程内容体系的探讨

通过结合中南林学院“森林工程”专业的深化改革 ,从 2 0世纪 90年代开始 ,先后创办“起重运输工程”本科专业方向和“物流工程”专业方向 ,2 0 0 2年创办“物流工程”本科专业。认为我国“物流工程”本科专业的课程内容体系 ,应该工、管并重 ,其中的工业工程部分 ,目前只能参照传统的工业工程技术系统的划分 ,设置带方向性的“物流工程”本科专业课程内容体系。     

杉木幼林年生长节律划分和相关气候因素分析

杉木幼林年生长规律及气候因素对生长的影响,是合理制订杉木产区区划,改善杉木造林规划设计布局,正确实施经营管理措施的基础。 本项研究,将全国杉木西部试区的四川高县作为试验点,从1985～1988年,连续4年在5～8年生不同密度林分中,作了胸高直径及树高生长的旬期定期观测。经对这些实验数据作均值处理,聚类分析,关联分析和多元回归分析结果表明:对生长在中国杉木中带西部产区,处于中亚热带湿润气候区环境条件下的杉木幼林年生长规律的论证及对影响生长的主要气候因子的分析判断和预测,具有可靠性和区域代表性。     

5种化学杀虫剂防治椰心叶甲试验

对珠海市椰子树林发生的椰心叶甲，使用10％氯氰菊脂、48％乐斯本乳剂、16％虫线清乳剂、81％马拉松乳剂、90％敌百虫等5种化学杀虫剂，进行施药防治对比试验。结果显示：喷施10％氯氰菊酯乳剂0．67ml/L与48％乐斯本乳剂1ml/L的混合液、16％虫线清乳剂5ml/L，杀虫平均死亡率分别为94．2％和93．8％，降低林木受害程度的防治效果分别为76．81％和78．26％，显著高于其它药剂处理的效果。     

神农架地区珍衡植物沿河岸带的分布格局

Due to the importance of riparian zone in maintaining and protecting regional biodiversity, increasingly more ecologists paid their attentions to riparian zone and had been aware of the important effects of riparian zone in basic study and practical management. In this study, 42 sampling belts (10 m×100m) parallel to the bank of Xiangxi River at different elevations in Shennongjia Area were selected to investigate the riparian vegetation and rare plants. 14 species of rare plants were found distributing in riparian zone, accounting for 42.4% of the total rare plant species in Shennongjia Area. The main distribution range of the 14 rare plant species was the evergreen and deciduous mixed broadleaved forest at elevation of 1200–1800 m, where, species diversity of plant community was the maximum at the moderate elevation. The analysis of TWINSPAN divided the 14 rare species into 3 groups against the elevation, namely low elevation species group, moderate elevation species group, and high elevation species group. The analysis of DCA ordination showed similar results to that of TWINSPAN. In the paper, the authors discussed the reasons forming the distribution pattern of rare plant species, and pointed out that the important function of riparian zone on rare plant species protection. Foundation item: This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC39970123), and Changbai Mountain Open Research Station, Chinese Acadamy of Science. Biography: JIANG Ming-xi (1965-), male, associate professor in Wuhan Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

小型农产品分选机设计与试验

针对家庭农场及小规模营销的需要,设计了基于机器视觉的小型农产品分选机。农产品在平胶带上形成多通道阵列式输送,以DSP作为机器视觉单元的核心,采集一帧图像可分析多个通道,并根据农产品的形状、颜色等图像特征进行分选。在水平输送速度为9.2 cm/s、农产品输送间隔为16 cm、4通道并行输送的条件下,选用核桃、红枣及栗子3种农产品进行了分选机性能测试。试验表明,机器能够可靠工作;核桃、红枣和栗子的分选准确性分别为91.66%、94.79%和97.39%;分选速度达8 800个/h。因此采用DSP芯片作为小型分选机的机器视觉核心是可行的,可以为农产品分选机的小型化、低成本提供技术支持。     

射流混药装置结构参数对混药性能影响的模拟分析

以射流混药装置结构优化为目标,采用CFD方法研究了混药装置的嘴管距、面积比和吸入口角度等主要参数对混药性能的影响.用混药装置流动性能的实测值对射流混药装置数值模拟方案进行对比表明,确定的射流混药装置数值模拟方案合理.对嘴管距、面积比和吸人口角度3个参数进行了数值模拟.结果表明:这3个参数均不改变h-q单调递减关系类型;嘴管距和吸入口角度的变化不改变η-q关系类型,但面积比会改变η-q曲线变化趋势.